Sardinia has a complex history, divided into various periods and characterized by original characters. Prehistory is characterized by the Prenuragic, a rather large chronological period divided in turn into four further phases, and by the Nuragic, a denomination that derives from the most representative monument of this civilization.
The historical phase begins in the 9th century BC, when Sardinia was affected by Phoenician colonization, and then passed under the control of the Punics, in the second half of the 6th century BC.
Around the 6th century BC, Rome began to exercise its commercial traffic on the island, until 277 when, with the establishment of a new province including Corsica, Sardinia and the surrounding islands, it formally imposed its effective control, which lasted, until the Vandalic period from 460-467 after Christ. In the following 534, the island was reconquered by Justinian to officially become part of the Roman Empire based in Constantinople. This is how the long Byzantine era began, during which the island maintained an uninterrupted political and administrative dependence on Constantinople. Precisely because of its geographical distance from Constantinople, Sardinia was entrusted to the management of two authorities: the praeses (with civil functions) and the dux (with military functions). These two figures, from about 800, merged into a single authority called iudex (judge or king). This is how the four Giudicati, or Kingdoms, were born, into which Sardinia was divided starting from the middle of the eleventh century: Cagliari, Arborea, Torres and Gallura.
In 1323, the Infante Alfonso of Aragon landed in Sardinia to materialize the act of infeudation of the Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae wanted by Pope Boniface VIII granted to the Aragonese sovereign. From this moment on, the Iberian Peninsula, in particular Catalonia, will constitute the main point of reference for the island from a political point of view.
Between 1714 and 1718, the island came under Austrian control for a short period. Then finally under that of the Savoy sanctioned by the Treaty of London of August 2, 1718. However, Sardinia maintained its existing institutions until 1847 when, with the so-called “perfect fusion”, political and administrative union with the mainland states materialized.ed.
Il territorio di Selargius, comune della città metropolitana di Cagliari, fu intensamente popolato fin dall’epoca preistorica. Testimonianze archeologiche sono presenti diffusamente e datate sin dal quarto e terzo millennio avanti Cristo, per giungere ai giorni nostri, in continuità. Il villaggio eneolitico di Su Coddu – Canelles ne è l’esempio a oggi più studiato, ma certamente non è il solo insediamento di rilevante interesse archeologico alle porte di Selargius. Ne esistono tanti altri, ma probabilmente nessun’altro permetterà di raccontare la vita nella preistoria come questo. I reperti rinvenuti nelle campagne di scavo sono tanti e ancora in fase di restauro e interpretazione, per integrare e sostituire le collezioni. Tutte custodite nel Semù, per rappresentare “orme dell’uomo”. Non oggetti ritrovati, ma storie ritrovate. Quelle di chi li creò e li utilizzò. Non una persona, ma spesso molti e per generazioni. Cambiandoli sino a perderli, per farne di nuovi. Ma non ci troviamo in un luogo qualunque. Le collezioni sono ospitate in uno dei più antichi edifici selargini. Dalla prima metà del XIV secolo, possidenti e militari, lo costruirono, ci vissero, lo modificarono. Ricco delle storie dei protagonisti, che abbiamo ricercato nei documenti, per comprenderle. Oggi sono esposte nelle pannellature, ausilio di narrazioni, immersive nel passato.
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