The house is part of a large protected area that houses the museum of the Garibaldi Compendium, which can normally be visited.
Giuseppe Garibaldi settled in Caprera during a particularly difficult period, after the death of Anita, the fall of the Roman Republic, the abandonment of his children, and found in this environment the ideal atmosphere for the last twenty-six years of his life. The complex is located in a particularly suggestive environment due to its proximity to the sea, with the granite rock emerging and the typical Mediterranean vegetation.
The house is simple: white, masonry, with a terraced roof, similar to many of the houses he had the opportunity to see during the long years spent in Montevideo and in the other places where he fought for the freedom of the South American peoples. Garibaldi began building it in 1856, a few months after his arrival in Caprera. The previous year, with the legacy left to him by his brother Felice, he had decided to buy half of the island. For some time, together with his son, who was then sixteen years old, he slept in a restored sheepfold. Then he moved into a wooden house, still preserved today, and at the same time began the construction of the “White House”, completed after a year.
The visit to the White House begins from the lobby, where rifles, sabers, bayonets, the black flag of the assault departments and the Uruguayan flag are collected. Here are also the field box and the metal mesh that accompanied the hero in the war campaigns and the wheelchair donated to the general by the City of Milan in 1880. On the wall, a fine portrait of Giuseppe Garibaldi, executed by J. Shotton aboard the Commonwealth freighter. From the lobby you go to the bedroom, originally of the daughters; a valuable briar wardrobe with heavily carved frames, the desk and the piano stand out, a reminder of the general's love for music; the bedside table was personally made by Garibaldi while the orthopedic bed is the one on which the hero spent most of his time in the last years of his life. On the walls, portraits of his children and wife and on the bed a large photograph of Garibaldi's wedding in January 1882. Adjoining is the room of his son Manlio, with its original furnishings; among the various objects, the model of a sailing ship stands out with which Garibaldi taught his son marine nomenclatures and maneuvers and, in a case, a small armour and a helmet given to Manlio by a Garibaldi. The same objects appear in an oval photograph on the wall, worn by the boy. A late-eighteenth-century wardrobe is perhaps the most valuable piece of furniture among those in the White House and houses the uniform of Manlio, a vessel lieutenant in the Italian Navy. The adjoining room is that of Delia, reconstructed in the way it probably looked when Garibaldi's daughter lived there. Then comes the kitchen with the large stone fireplace, flanked by the oven, the oil light, the water pump, the roaster. The next room is now used as a memorabilia room and the hero's most personal items are kept there. The dining room of Garibaldi's first house, with the sideboard belonging to his mother, the round table, the corner cabinet, and the Luigi Filippo sofa, was reassembled. On the walls, two paintings by famous subjects: Garibaldi and Major Leggero carrying Anita Morente, a copy from Pietro Bouvier (Milan, Museo del Risorgimento), and Don Giovanni Verità, a copy made in the early 20th century by Vincenzo Stagnani of the portrait painted by Silvestro Lega in 1865 (Milan, Civica Raccolta delle Stampe); above the sofa is placed the painting with the Flight of Anita. In the closet-cabinet, Garibaldi's clothes: the poncho, the white cape with juxtaheart, the red shirt. On the bulletin boards, objects of various kinds; among others, the so-called Aspromonte bullet (however, it is not certain if the authentic one is at the Museum of the Risorgimento in Turin), the hammer donated to Garibaldi by Antonio Meucci in America and some tricolor candles made precisely in Meucci's workshop. On the chest of drawers, a cork model represents the battle of Solferino; on the walls, certificates of appointment as honorary president of many associations, including that of the Atheist Society (Venice, 1879). We move on to the living room, Garibaldi's bedroom when the building was built: a walnut desk, a quarry, a mirror, two furniture with books on the sides, the fireplace and, above, the oil portrait of Rosita, the four-year-old daughter who died in Montevideo. The portrait of Colonel Venancio Flores, the hero's political antagonist because he is a supporter of a peace strategy with Argentina, and the portrait of a Garibaldi who fell while fighting for the freedom of Poland, stand out. The portrait of the mother Rosa Raimondi is a copy of the existing print at the Museo del Risorgimento in Turin. Among the furniture there is a leather armchair with reclining backrest given to Garibaldi by Queen Margherita of Savoy. At the bottom of the path, the iron door opens that leads to the room where the hero died: in the center, under a case, is the bed; a balustrade donated by the Livorno Veterans Society surrounds it to defend it from the curiosity of visitors. In front of the fireplace is another of the wheelchairs. In a corner cabinet, the medicine cabinet with bottles containing preparations put together by the general himself. The sheet restraint used by Garibaldi to insulate Aspromonte's injured leg is placed on a small table. Above the lintel of the door, the English-made clock marks the time of death (6.20 p.m.). Among the paintings, the one of greatest interest is the portrait of Giuseppe Garibaldi executed in real life by Saverio Altamura in 1860.
History of studies
The Garibaldi Compendium is reported in several publications on Caprera and on the Maddalena archipelago.
Bibliography
Guide to visiting museums and collections in Sardinia, edited by C. Lilliu, Cagliari, 1997.
How to get to
Giunti on the island of La Maddalena, proceed from the main square towards d. for about 400 m, after passing an intersection with traffic lights, continue straight to the bridge that connects the island of La Maddalena with Caprera. After the bridge, enter the pine forest of Caprera and follow the signs for Garibaldi's house.
Content type:
Civil architecture
History
Province: Sassari
Common: La Maddalena
Macro Territorial Area: Northern Sardinia
POSTAL CODE: 07024
Address: Isola di Caprera, s.n.c.
Telephone: +39 0789 727162 +39 0789 726015 +39 335 7505401
E-mail: drm-sar.museigaribaldi.caprera@beniculturali.it
Website: https://www.garibaldicaprera.beniculturali.it/i-musei-garibaldini/compendio_garibaldino
Facebook: www.facebook.com/MuseiGaribaldinidiCaprera
Twitter: twitter.com/museicaprera
Instagram: www.instagram.com/garibaldicaprera
Information on tickets and access: For information on the usability of Giuseppe Garibaldi's historic house, please refer to the manager's website.
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