Subjects
Subjects
The latest restorations have highlighted in the area where the sanctuary of Santa Maria is located the archaeological structures of a nuragic settlement, on which a Roman village was superimposed. The same sanctuary was built on a late-Roman thermal building. The current denomination of Bonaccattu derives from the church dedicated to the Virgin Panakhrantos and dates back to Byzantine times.
The sanctuary of Santa Maria or Our Lady of Bonacattu is a small, important building that keeps intact the suggestion of the great Byzantine churches of the East. It was built, perhaps between the 6th and 7th centuries, on a late Roman and imperial thermal complex.
From this, an environment with a bathtub was maintained, which became the E arm of the church with a free cross. Traces of cocciopesto (dating back to the Roman phase) and late antique mosaics are preserved in the floor. The cruciform church has barrel-shaped arms, which at the intersection create a square space covered by a dome visible only from the inside because on the outside it is hidden by a quadrangular tiburium, covered by sloping windows in which four rectangular openings open that contribute to the lighting of the interior.
The building is accessed from the O-arm, whose headboard had a Romanesque façade between 1242 and 1268, by the workers who worked to expand the adjacent church of Santa Maria. An arched portal opens up with jutting capitals. Large corner protectors tighten the surface. Along the sloping slopes, a series of “arabesque” arches run, open at the top in a tiny lobe. Above, you can see the seats for the ceramic basins, reintegrated in modern restorations.
History of studies
The sanctuary was reported in the first half of the 20th century by Dionigi Scano and fully published by Raffaello Delogu. Later, their studies were resumed by Renata Serra and Roberto Coroneo, taking into account historical and artistic aspects. Additional contributions have come from the restorations, on which the article by Maria Luisa Bozzo reports.
Bibliography
D. Scano, Storia dell'arte in Sardegna dal XI al XIV secolo, Cagliari, Sassari, Montorsi, 1907, pp. 137;
R. Delogu, L'architettura del Medioevo in Sardegna, Roma, La Libreria dello Stato, 1953, pp. 26-28;
R. Serra, La Sardegna, collana "Italia romanica", Milano, Jaca Book, 1989, pp. 158-159;
M.L. Bozzo, "Il restauro del complesso di Bonacatu", in Bonarcado, fasc. I, settembre 1992, p. 2;
R. Coroneo, Architettura romanica dalla metà del Mille al primo '300, Nuoro, Ilisso, 1993, scheda 22;
D. Salvi, "(OR) Bonarcado, santuario di S. Maria di Bonacattu. 1995" in Archeologia Medievale, XXII, 1995, pp. 395-396;
R. Coroneo-M. Coppola, Chiese cruciformi bizantine della Sardegna, Cagliari, 1999, pp. 41-43;
R. Coroneo-R. Serra, Sardegna preromanica e romanica, collana "Patrimonio artistico italiano", Milano, Jaca Book, 2004, pp. 139-147;
R. Coroneo, Chiese romaniche della Sardegna. Itinerari turistico-culturali, Cagliari, AV, 2005, pp. 70-71.
Content type:
Religious architecture
Province: Oristano
Common: Bonarcado
Macro Territorial Area: Central Sardinia
POSTAL CODE: 09070
Address: corso Italia, s.n.c.
Telephone: +39 0783 7708212
E-mail: segreteria.arcivescovoristano@gmail.com
Website: www.chiesadioristano.it/contatti
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