The excavation campaigns carried out under the parish church of Sant'Eulalia starting in 1990 have brought to light a multilayered archaeological site of great interest. The importance of the findings has allowed a fundamental deepening of knowledge on the evolution of the urban layout of this sector of the ancient city before the medieval layout of the Marina district and the construction of the church.
The oldest phases of life of the site are evidenced by the presence of an open-air quarry of limestone blocks, which remained in use until, in the same area, a small sacred building was built, which returned finds and coins from the 3rd century BC to the 4th century AD. Of this sanctuary, demolished already in Roman times and hidden under new buildings, a podium remains visible in which a deep well opens up for the collection of offerings. The testimonies of the Roman era are the most fascinating and impressive and allow you to explore a large urban sector of the city, with infrastructures and buildings from various periods. The excavation made visible a long stretch of paved road that proceeds in the direction of the port area; the current configuration of the road, equipped with a sewer pipe at the center, can be traced back to late imperial interventions (4th century AD). On the side of the road, a large building complex has emerged for homes and craft activities; of this portion of the village, whose life phases date back to between the 4th and 7th centuries AD, you can see sections of the perimeter walls, the entrances with stone thresholds and a latrine connected to the sewer pipe and built along the path of a staircase that led to the upper floors. The excavation also revealed an impressive colonnaded porch, highlighted for a length of more than 24 meters; presumably built in the 4th century and extensively modified in the 5th century, the porch area, in which the mouth of a deep tank opens, shows architectural details of great elegance, with a space paved with limestone blocks and marble fragments. As evidenced by archaeological evidence, starting from the 8th century onwards, the area was abandoned and covered with thick layers of earth, which concealed the underlying buildings and created a small relief on which, in the 14th century, the church of Sant'Eulalia was built. The construction of the sacred building and the subsequent expansions it underwent over the centuries have also left an obvious trace within the archaeological site: in particular, we remember the discovery, under the central nave and the side chapels, of some funerary crypts, which have returned a large number of burials and finds of historical and anthropological interest, which constitute an important piece for the knowledge of the social and economic conditions of the population of the neighborhood in the centuries between XVIII and XIX.
Bibliography
A. L. Sanna, Le tecniche costruttive a Cagliari in età altomedievale: l’esempio degli edifici sotto la chiesa di Sant’Eulalia (Cagliari), Tesi di Specializzazione. I Scuola Nazionale di Specializzazione in Archeologia, Università degli Studi di Roma – La Sapienza, 2000-2001.
R. Martorelli – D. Mureddu (eds.), Scavi sotto la chiesa di S. Eulalia a Cagliari. Notizie preliminari, in Archeologia Medievale, XXIX (2002), pp. 283-340.
S. Angiolillo – D. Mureddu – R. Martorelli et al., Cagliari, le radici di Marina. Dallo scavo archeologico di S. Eulalia un progetto di ricerca, formazione e valorizzazione. Atti del Seminario (Cagliari – Teatro di S. Eulalia, 27 marzo 2000) – Catalogo della Mostra (Cagliari – Cisternone, 27 marzo-2 aprile 2000), Cagliari, Scuola Sarda Editrice, 2002.
F. Pinna, “Il corredo funerario nella Sardegna post-medievale: la cripta della chiesa di S. Eulalia a Cagliari”, in S. Lusuardi Siena (ed.), Fonti archeologiche e iconografiche per la storia e la cultura degli insediamenti nell’altomedioevo. Atti delle giornate di studio (Milano-Vercelli, 21-22 marzo 2002), Milano, V&P, 2003, pp. 323-335.
R. Martorelli – D. Mureddu – F. Pinna – A. L. Sanna, Nuovi dati sulla topografia di Cagliari in epoca tardoantica ed altomedievale dagli scavi nelle chiese di S. Eulalia e del S. Sepolcro, in Rivista di Archeologia Cristiana, LXXIX (2003), pp. 365-408.
S. Sangiorgi, “Raffigurazioni inconsuete su lucerne africane in Sardegna. Le attestazioni dalla chiesa di S. Eulalia a Cagliari”, in M. R. Bonacasa Carra – E. Vitale (eds.), La cristianizzazione in Italia tra tardoantico ed altomedioevo. Atti del IX Congresso Nazionale di Archeologia Cristiana (Agrigento, 20-25 novembre 2004), II, Palermo, Carlo Saladino Editore, 2007, pp. 1369-1386.
S. Angiolillo – R. Martorelli – M. Giuman – A. M. Corda – D. Artizzu (eds.), La Sardegna romana e altomedievale: storia e materiali, Sassari, Carlo Delfino, 2017 (coll.: Corpora delle Antichità della Sardegna).
R. Martorelli – D. Mureddu (eds.), Archeologia urbana a Cagliari. Scavi nella chiesa di Sant’Eulalia alla Marina, 17.1: Il quartiere dalle origini ai giorni nostri: status quaestionis all’inizio della ricerca, Perugia, Morlacchi, 2020.
R. Carboni – A. M. Corda – M. Giuman (eds.), Il tempo dei Romani: la Sardegna dal III secolo a. C. al V secolo d. C., Nuoro, Ilisso, 2021.
R. Martorelli – D. Mureddu – L. Soro (eds.), Archeologia urbana a Cagliari. Scavi nella chiesa di Sant’Eulalia alla Marina, 17.2: La cava e il thesaurus, Perugia, Morlacchi, 2022.
S. Cisci – R. Martorelli – G. Serreli (eds.), Il tempo dei Vandali e dei Bizantini: la Sardegna dal V al X secolo d. C., Nuoro, Ilisso, 2022.
Structure category: archaeological area or park
Content type:
Archaeological complex
Archaeology
Usability: Open
Province: Cagliari
Common: Cagliari
Macro Territorial Area: South Sardinia
POSTAL CODE: 09124
Address: vicolo Collegio, 2
Telephone: +39 333 9973797
E-mail: infoeprenotazioni@mutseu.org
Website: www.mutseu.org
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Year : 1905
Year : 1905
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